Ecuador has been rocked by a series of attacks, including explosions and the abduction of several police officers, after the government imposed a state of emergency in the wake of the apparent escape of a powerful gang leader from prison.

Police reported four officers had been kidnapped on Monday night and remained missing, one in the capital Quito and three in Quevedo city.

Separately, agents arrested two people for possession of explosives and as suspects in at least one of the attacks in the South American country.

The government has not said how many attacks were registered, but local media reported several, including some in northern cities, where vehicles were set on fire, and others in Quito, including an explosion near the house of the president of the National Justice Court.

Authorities have not said who is thought to be behind the attacks and if the incidents are part an orchestrated action. The government has previously accused members of the main drug gangs for similar strikes.

In recent years, Ecuador has been engulfed by a surge of violence tied to drug trafficking, including homicides and kidnappings.

Authorities reported on Sunday that Adolfo Macias, alias “Fito” – the leader of Los Choneros gang – was not in his cell in a low security prison. He had been scheduled to be transferred to a maximum security facility that day.

His whereabouts remain unclear.

Prosecutors opened an investigation and charged two guards in connection with the alleged escape, but neither the police, the corrections system, nor the federal government confirmed whether Macias had fled the facility or might be hiding in it.

In February 2013, he escaped from a maximum security facility but was recaptured weeks later.

On Monday, President Daniel Noboa decreed a national state of emergency for 60 days, allowing authorities to suspend rights and mobilise the military in places like prisons.

The government also imposed a curfew from 11pm to 5am.

Mr Noboa said in a message on Instagram that he would not stop until he “brings back peace to all Ecuadorians”, and that his government had decided to confront crime.

States of emergency were widely used by his predecessor, Guillermo Lasso, as a way to confront the wave of violence that has affected the country.

The wave of attacks began a few hours after Mr Noboa’s announcement.

Macias, who was convicted of drug trafficking, murder and organised crime, was serving a 34-year sentence in La Regional prison in the port of Guayaquil.

Los Choneros is one of the Ecuadorian gangs authorities consider responsible for a spike in violence that reached a new level last year with the assassination of presidential candidate Fernando Villavicencio.

The gang has links with Mexico’s Sinaloa cartel, according to authorities.

Experts and authorities have acknowledged that gang members practically rule from inside prisons, and Macias was believed to have continued controlling his group.