The young daughter of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is seen as her father’s likely heir apparent, South Korea’s spy agency said in its first such assessment on the girl unveiled to the outside world a little more than a year ago.

There has been intense outside debate and speculation about the girl, reportedly about 10 years old and named Ju Ae, since she made her first public appearance in November 2022, when she watched a long-range missile test-launch with her father.

The girl has since accompanied her father at a number of major public events, with state media calling her father’s “most beloved” or “respected” child and churning out footage and photos proving her rising political standing and closeness with her father.

A senior general knelt and whispered to her when she clapped while watching a military parade at a VIP observation stand in September.

She was photographed standing in front of her father at one point during a visit to the air force headquarters in November, with both Kims wearing sunglasses and long leather jackets.

In a New Year’s Eve celebration at a packed Pyongyang stadium on Sunday, Mr Kim kissed her on the cheek and she did the same to her father.

Most of these scenes are something that had been unimaginable in North Korea, where Mr Kim is the subject of a strong and loyal following that treats him like a god.

South Korea’s main spy agency, the National Intelligence Service (NIS), said on Thursday that it sees Kim Ju Ae as her father’s highly likely successor, citing a comprehensive analysis of her public activities and the state protocols provided to her.

The NIS public affairs office said it still considers all possibilities regarding the North’s power succession process because Mr Kim is still young, has no major health issues and has at least one other child.

Mr Kim turns 40 on Monday.

The NIS statement confirmed the comments by politician Youn Kun-Young, who cited the nominee for the NIS chief, Cho Tae-yong.

Mr Youn said Mr Cho made the same assessment in written responses to his questions ahead of his parliamentary hearing.

In an interview with the Associated Press (AP), Mr Youn, a member of parliament’s intelligence committee, reconfirmed Mr Cho’s assessment, which matched what the NIS told the AP.

He said Mr Cho’s written responses to his questions contained no other details about Kim Ju Ae.

The NIS has a spotty record in confirming developments in North Korea, one of the world’s most secretive nations.

North Korea’s state media have yet to make any direct comments on the succession plan.

Du Hyeogn Cha, an analyst at Seoul’s Asan Institute for Policy Studies, said while the NIS currently sees a high possibility for Kim Ju Ae to be primed as her father’s successor, few can predict whether she will eventually become the North’s next leader.

Mr Cha added that Kim Ju Ae lacks political achievements that he said are essential to be formally anointed as the country’s future leader.

NIS and other South Korean officials earlier said it was premature to view Kim Ju Ae as her father’s heir, given Mr Kim’s relatively young age and North Korea’s Confucianism-influenced, male-nominated power ranking.

They had said the girl’s repeated appearances were more likely meant to shore up public support of Mr Kim’s ruling family and his plan to hand over his power to one of his children.

Since its foundation in 1948, North Korea has been successively ruled by male members of the Kim family.

Kim Jong Un inherited power upon his father Kim Jong Il’s death in late 2011.

Kim Jong Il took over power after his father and state founder Kim Il Sung when he died in 1994.

The name of Ju Ae matched what retired basketballer Dennis Rodman called Mr Kim’s baby daughter, whom he said he saw and held during a trip to Pyongyang in 2013.

In 2023, the NIS told politicians Kim Ju Ae has an older brother and a younger sibling, whose gender has not been made public.