The government of El Salvador has sent 10,000 soldiers and police to seal off a town on the outskirts of the nation’s capital to hunt for gang members.

The operation is one of the largest mobilisations yet in President Nayib Bukele’s nine-month-old crackdown on street gangs that long extorted money from businesses and ruled many San Salvador neighbourhoods.

The troops blocked roads going in and out of the township of Soyapango, checking people’s documents. Special teams went into the town looking for gang suspects.

“Starting now, the township of Soyapango is completely surrounded,” Mr Bukele wrote on his Twitter account. He posted videos showing ranks of rifle-toting soldiers.

More than 58,000 people have been jailed since a state of emergency was declared after a wave of murders in late March. Rights groups have criticised the mass roundups, saying they often sweep up young men based on their appearance or where they live.

It was part of what Mr Bukele called in late November “Phase Five” of the crackdown.

Mr Bukele said such tactics worked in the town of Comasagua two months ago.

In October, more than 2,000 soldiers and police surrounded and closed off Comasagua in order to search for street gang members accused of murder. Drones flew over the town and everyone entering or leaving the town was questioned or searched. About 50 suspects were detained in two days.

“It worked,” Mr Bukele said. The government estimates murders dropped 38% in the first 10 months of the year compared to the same period of 2021.

Mr Bukele requested Congress grant him extraordinary powers after gangs were blamed for 62 killings on March 26, and that emergency decree has been renewed every month since. It suspends some Constitutional rights and gives police more powers to arrest and hold suspects.

Under the decree, the right of association, the right to be informed of the reason for an arrest and access to a lawyer are suspended. The government can also intervene in the calls and mail of anyone they consider a suspect. The time someone can be held without charges is extended from three days to 15.

Rights activists say young men are frequently arrested just based on their age, on their appearance or whether they live in a gang-dominated slum.

El Salvador’s gangs, which have been estimated to count some 70,000 members in their ranks, have long controlled swaths of territory and extorted and killed with impunity.

But Mr Bukele’s crackdown reached another level earlier this month when the government sent inmates into cemeteries to destroy the tombs of gang members at a time of year when families typically visit their loved ones’ graves.

Nongovernmental organisations have tallied several thousand human rights violations and at least 80 in-custody deaths of people arrested during the crackdown.