The Israeli military has said an American activist killed in the West Bank last week was probably shot “indirectly and unintentionally” by soldiers firing upon participants in a demonstration against settlements that turned violent.

The acknowledgement drew a strong rebuke from US secretary of state Antony Blinken and the activist’s family.

Israel expressed its “deepest regret” for the death of Aysenur Ezgi Eygi, a 26-year-old activist from Seattle who also held Turkish citizenship, and said a criminal investigation has been launched.

Mr Blinken condemned the “unprovoked and unjustified” killing when asked about the Israeli inquiry at a news conference in London.

“No-one should be shot while attending a protest,” he said.

“The Israeli security forces need to make some fundamental changes in the way they operate in the West Bank.”

Ms Eygi’s family in the US released a statement saying “we are deeply offended by the suggestion that her killing by a trained sniper was in any way unintentional. The disregard shown for human life in the inquiry is appalling”.

An Israeli protester who witnessed the shooting, Jonathan Pollak, said Ms Eygi was killed about half an hour after clashes between Palestinians and Israeli forces had subsided, in an area several hundred metres from where the demonstration took place.

Mr Pollak said he saw two Israeli soldiers mount the roof of a nearby home, train a gun in the group’s direction and fire, with one of the bullets striking Ms Eygi in the head.

Israel said its inquiry into Ms Eygi’s killing “found that it is highly likely that she was hit indirectly and unintentionally by (Israeli army) fire which was not aimed at her, but aimed at the key instigator of the riot”.

It expressed its “deepest regret” at her death.

The International Solidarity Movement, the activist group Ms Egyi was volunteering with, said it “entirely rejects” the Israeli statement and that the “shot was aimed directly at her”.

The killing came amid a surge of violence in the West Bank since the Israel-Hamas war began in October, with increasing Israeli raids, attacks by Palestinian militants on Israelis, attacks by Israeli settlers on Palestinians and heavier military crackdowns on Palestinian protests.

Israel says it thoroughly investigates allegations of its forces killing civilians and holds them accountable.

It says soldiers often have to make split-second decisions while operating in areas where militants hide among civilians.

But even in the most shocking cases – and those captured on video – soldiers often get relatively light sentences.

The Palestinian Authority held a funeral procession for Ms Eygi in the West Bank city of Nablus on Monday.

Turkish authorities said they are working on repatriating her body to Turkey for burial in the Aegean coastal town of Didim, as per her family’s wishes.

Ms Eygi’s uncle said in an interview with the Turkish TV channel HaberTurk that she kept her visit to the West Bank secret from at least some of her family members.

She said she was travelling to Jordan to help Palestinians there, he said.

“She hid the fact that she was going to Palestine. She blocked us from her social media posts so that we would not see them,” Yilmaz Eygi said.

The deaths of American citizens in the West Bank have drawn international attention, such as the fatal shooting of a prominent Palestinian-American journalist, Shireen Abu Akleh, in 2022 in the Jenin refugee camp.

Several independent investigations and reporting by The Associated Press shortly after the killing determined that Ms Abu Akleh was probably killed by Israeli fire.

Months later, the military said there was a “high probability” one of its soldiers had mistakenly killed her but that no-one would be punished.

Earlier in 2022, Israel’s military said it would punish a senior officer and remove two others from their posts over the death of Omar Assad, 78, a Palestinian-American who was dragged from a car by Israeli troops, bound and blindfolded after being stopped at a checkpoint.

The military later said the soldiers believed Mr Assad was asleep when they cut his zip-ties and left him face-down in an abandoned building where he had been detained with three other Palestinians.

The deaths of Palestinians who do not have dual nationality rarely receive the same scrutiny.

Human rights groups say Israel rarely holds soldiers accountable for killing Palestinians and that any resulting military investigations often reflect a pattern of impunity.

B’Tselem, a leading Israeli watchdog, became so frustrated with the system that in 2016 it dismissed the probes as a whitewash and halted its decades-long practice of assisting investigations.

Last year, an Israeli court acquitted a member of the paramilitary Border Police who had been charged with reckless manslaughter over the deadly shooting of 32-year-old Eyad Hallaq, an autistic Palestinian man in Jerusalem’s Old City in 2020.

The case had drawn comparisons to the police killing of George Floyd in the United States.

In 2017, Israeli soldier Elor Azaria was convicted of manslaughter and served nine months after he killed a wounded, incapacitated Palestinian attacker in the West Bank city of Hebron.

The combat medic was caught on video fatally shooting Abdel Fattah al-Sharif, who was lying motionless on the ground.

That case deeply divided Israelis, with the military saying Azaria had clearly violated its code of ethics, while many Israelis – particularly on the nationalist right – defended his actions and accused military brass of second-guessing a soldier operating in dangerous conditions.