The federal judge assigned to the election fraud case against former president Donald Trump has stood out as one of the toughest punishers of rioters who stormed the US Capitol on January 6 2021.

US District Judge Tanya Chutkan, a former assistant public defender who was nominated to the bench by former president Barack Obama, will oversee the case accusing Mr Trump of trying to overturn his 2020 election loss in the two months leading up to the violent assault on the US Capitol by his supporters.

Judge Chutkan has often handed down prison sentences in January 6 riot cases that are harsher than Justice Department prosecutors recommended.

She has also ruled against Mr Trump before in a separate January 6 case. In November 2021, she refused his request to block the release of documents to the US House of Representatives’ January 6 committee by asserting executive privilege.

She rejected his arguments that he could hold privilege over documents from his administration even after President Joe Biden had cleared the way for the National Archives to turn the papers over. She wrote that Mr Trump could not claim his privilege “exists in perpetuity”.

In a memorable line from her ruling, Judge Chutkan wrote, “Presidents are not kings, and Plaintiff is not President”.

Mr Trump will make his first court appearance on Thursday before Magistrate Judge Moxila A Upadhyaya. Such judges handle initial matters in federal cases.

Judge Chutkan has sentenced at least 38 people convicted of Capitol riot-related crimes. All 38 received prison terms, ranging from 10 days to over five years, according to an Associated Press analysis of court records.

She is one of two dozen judges in Washington DC, who collectively has sentenced nearly 600 defendants for their roles in the January 6 siege. More than one third of them avoided sentences that included incarceration.

Other judges typically have handed down sentences that are more lenient than those requested by prosecutors. Judge Chutkan, however, has matched or exceeded prosecutors’ recommendations in 19 of her 38 sentences. In four of those cases, prosecutors were not seeking any jail time at all.

Judge Chutkan has said prison can be a powerful deterrent against the threat of another insurrection.

“Every day we’re hearing about reports of anti-democratic factions of people plotting violence, the potential threat of violence, in 2024,” she said in December 2021 before sentencing a Florida man who attacked police officers to more than five years behind bars. At the time, that sentence was the longest for a January 6 case.

“It has to be made clear that trying to violently overthrow the government, trying to stop the peaceful transition of power and assaulting law enforcement officers in that effort is going to be met with absolutely certain punishment,” she said.

Judge Trevor McFadden, a Trump nominee, suggested during a hearing in 2021 that the Justice Department was being too hard on those who broke into the Capitol compared with the people arrested during racial injustice protests following George Floyd’s 2020 murder.

Without naming her colleague, Judge Chutkan criticized Judge McFadden’s suggestion days later.

“People gathered all over the country last year to protest the violent murder by the police of an unarmed man. Some of those protesters became violent,” she said during an October 2021 hearing.

“But to compare the actions of people protesting, mostly peacefully, for civil rights, to those of a violent mob seeking to overthrow the lawfully elected government is a false equivalency and ignores a very real danger that the January 6 riot posed to the foundation of our democracy.”